كيفاختلطت النصرانية بالعقائد الشركية؟
لغةالمادة: إنجليزي
إفتاء : محمد صالح المنجد
نبذةمختصرة: سؤالأجاب عنه فضيلة الشيخ محمد صالح المنجد - حفظه الله - ونصه: « إذا كانت النصرانيةالحقة قد جاءت بتوحيد الله تعالى وإفراده بالعبادة دون ما سواه من الخلق سواء كانعيسى أو غيره، فكيف اختلطت هذه الديانة بالعقائد الشركية، فاتخذوا عيسى - عليهالسلام - وأمه إلهين من دون الله؟ ».
Question:
If true Christianity brought the message of the Oneness of God(Tawheed), and stated that He alone is to be worshipped to the exclusion ofanyone else in His creation, whether that is ‘Eesa (Jesus) or anyone else, thenhow did this religion become mixed with polytheistic beliefs (shirk) and howdid they take ‘Eesa (Jesus – peace be upon him) and his mother as gods besidesAllaah?.
Answer:
Praise be to Allaah.
There can be no doubt that the call to believe in Allaah alone(Tawheed) and to worship Him alone to the exclusion of anyone else, is thebasic message that was brought by the Prophet of Allaah ‘Eesa (peace be uponhim), as it was the basic message brought by all the Prophets. Allaah says(interpretation of the meaning):
“And verily, We have sent among every Ummah (community, nation) aMessenger (proclaiming): ‘Worship Allaah (Alone), and avoid (or keep away from)Taghoot (all false deities, i.e. do not worship Taghoot besides Allaah).’ Thenof them were some whom Allaah guided and of them were some upon whom thestraying was justified. So travel through the land and see what was the end ofthose who denied (the truth)” [al-Nahl 16:36]
“And We did not send any Messenger before you (O Muhammad) but Werevealed to him (saying): Laa ilaaha illa Ana [none has the right to beworshipped but I (Allaah)], so worship Me (Alone and noneelse)” [al-Anbiya’ 21:25]
‘Eesa will bear witness to this call against his people, as Allaah says(interpretation of the meaning):
“And (remember) when Allaah will say (on the Day of Resurrection): 'O‘Eesa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary)! Did you say unto men: “Worship me and mymother as two gods besides Allaah?”’ He will say: ‘Glory be to You! It was notfor me to say what I had no right (to say). Had I said such a thing, You wouldsurely have known it. You know what is in my inner‑self though I do not knowwhat is in Yours; truly, You, only You, are the All‑Knower of all that ishidden (and unseen).
117. ‘Never did I say to them aught except what You (Allaah) didcommand me to say: “Worship Allaah, my Lord and your Lord.” And I was a witnessover them while I dwelt amongst them, but when You took me up, You were theWatcher over them; and You are a Witness to all things’” [al-Maa'idah5:117]
With regard to how the followers of this religion deviated after thatfrom pure Tawheed to idolatrous beliefs and the worship of Jesus and his motherbesides God, this is something which happened early on in Christian history. Wewill quote here some evidence to that effect from their own people’s words. Letwhoever has ears listen.
It says in the American Encyclopedia:
The belief in the Oneness of God – as a theological movement – began ata very early stage in history, and in fact it preceded the belief in trinity bymany decades. Christianity developed from Judaism, and Judaism firmly believesthat there is one God.
The path that led from Jerusalem (the home of the first disciples ofChrist) to Nicea (where it was decided in 325 CE that Christ was equal to Godin essence and eternal nature) can hardly be described as a straight path.
The doctrine of trinity which was affirmed in the fourth century CEbears no resemblance to the original teachings of Christ concerning the natureof God. Au contraire, it is the opposite, a deviation from that teaching. Henceit developed in opposition to the belief in One God… (27/294).
You can refer to the views of some of those Christians who stillbelieve in the Oneness of God in the same American Encyclopedia,27/300-301
Will Durant says: When Christianity conquered Rome, the newreligion (i.e., Christianity) was infused with the blood of the old idolatrousreligion: the title of archbishop, worship for the great mother, and aninnumerable number of lords who gave peace of mind and were like who exist inall places and cannot be detected with the senses. All of this came intoChristianity as the blood of the mother comes into her child.
The civilized empire handed over power and administration to the papacyand the impact of the word replaced the impact of the sword. The preachers ofthe church started to assume positions of power.
Christianity did not put an end to idolatry, rather it reinforced it.The Greek mind came back to life in a new form, in the doctrines and rituals ofthe church. The Greek rituals appeared in the rituals of the monastic saints.From Egypt came the idea of the holy trinity, the day of reckoning, eternalreward and punishment, and man’s eternal life in one of the other. From Egyptalso came the worship of the mother and child, the mystical union with God, theunion which led to Platonism and agnosticism, and the erasing of Christian doctrine.And from Persia came the belief in the return of the Messiah and his ruling theearth for 1000 years. Qissat al-Hadaarah, 11/418 (The Story ofCivilization)
Despite the element of atheism in the words of Durant, which issomething that he is known for, and which is apparent in his claim that theidea of eternal reward or punishment came from the Egyptians, tracing theorigins of deviant idolatry in Christianity is no longer a secret, and he isnot the only one who has researched them. In his book Christianity andIdolatry, Robertson states that Mithraism, which is a religion of Persianorigin, flourished in Persia approximately six centuries before the birth ofChrist, and it reached Rome around the year 70 CE, where it spread throughoutthe Roman lands. Then it reached Britain and spread to a number of Britishcities. What concerns us here about this religion is that it says:
- That Mithras,after whom it is named, was an intermediary between God and man (for a similardoctrine in Christianity, see Acts 4:12).
- He was born in acave or in a corner of the earth (cf. Luke 2:8)
- His birthday wasDecember 25 (which is the day celebrated by the Christians as the day whenJesus was born)
- He had twelvedisciples (cf. Matthew 10:1)
- He died to savethe world (cf. I Corinthians 15:3)
- He was buriedbut he came back to life (cf. I Corinthians 15:4)
- He ascended toheaven in front of his disciples (cf. Acts 1:9)
- He was called“Saviour” (cf. Titus 2:13)
- Among hisattributes is that he is like a peaceful lamb (cf. John 1:29)
- The “Divinesupper” was held in his memory every year (cf. I Corinthians 11:23-25)
- One of hissymbols was baptism
- Sunday was sacredto them
The French Orientalist Leon Joteh, in his book “An Introduction toIslamic philosophy” is of the view that the origin of the Christian trinityis to be found in Greek philosophy, specifically in the ideas of modernPlatonism, which took the basis of the idea of trinity as a view of the Creatorof the universe from Plato, then developed it to a great extent, so that theresemblance between this idea and Christianity became greater. So (in theirview) the Creator, the One Who is absolutely perfect, appointed twointermediaries between him and mankind, who emanated from Him, and were alsopart of Him at the same time, meaning that they are contained in His essence.These two entities are reasoning and divine spirit. Then he said:
The marriage of Jewish belief and Greek philosophy did not only producephilosophy, rather it produced a religion too, namely Christianity whichimbibed many ideas from the Greeks. The Christian concept of divinity is takenfrom the same source as modern Platonism. Hence you see many similaritiesbetween the two, although they may vary in some details. They are both based ona belief in trinity, in which the three “persons” are one.
This is what the American writer Draper refers to:
Idolatry and polytheism entered Christianity through the influence ofthe hypocrites who occupied positions of influence and high positions in theRoman state by pretending to be Christians, but they never cared about religionand were not sincere at all. Similarly Constantine had spent his life indarkness and evil, and he did not follow the commands of the church except fora short while at the end of his life. (p. 337)
Although the followers of Christianity gained some power, to the extentthat they managed to have Constantine appointed as ruler, they failed toeradicate idolatry completely. As a result of their struggle, their principlesbecame fused with idolatry, from which point there developed a new religion inwhich Christianity and idolatry were manifested equally.
Thus the Christians followed the same path of those disbelievers whohad come before them, step by step, as their own Book testifies. And Allaahsays (interpretation of the meaning):
“And the Jews say: ‘Uzayr (Ezra) is the son of Allaah, and theChristians say: Messiah is the son of Allaah. That is their saying with theirmouths, resembling the saying of those who disbelieved aforetime. Allaah’sCurse be on them, how they are deluded away from the truth!”[al-Tawbah 9:30]
And Allaah is the Source of strength.
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